Beamforming in the vertical dimension impacts capacity in different deployment scenarios.
The examples compare capacity gains of 4T, 8T, 32T and 64T antenna configurations in dense urban, urban mid-rise, and suburban environments.
In dense urban high-rise buildings:
- Massive MIMO (32T and 64T) provides substantial gains over RRUs (4T and 8T)
- 64T64R significantly outperforms 32T32R
- Both horizontal and vertical beamforming are useful due to user spread
In urban mid-rise buildings:
- Massive MIMO still provides substantial gains over RRUs
- 64T64R gains over 32T32R are much smaller
- 32T32R is more cost-efficient with similar performance to 64T64R
In suburban deployments:
- Massive MIMO gains over RRUs are significant but smaller than urban scenarios
- 64T64R gains over 32T32R are smaller
- 32T32R is more cost-efficient than 64T64R
- RRUs may be suitable for low capacity sites
The benefits of vertical beamforming decrease as the deployment scenario changes from dense urban to suburban.
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