5G looks complicated… but it doesn’t have to be.
Most people get lost in the layers of 5G.
So I created a one-glance visual that explains the entire 5G stack - from Physical to NAS Layer. 
What’s the problem?
Too many acronyms.
Too many functions.
And no simple explanation of how these layers interact.
Here’s the solution:
This visual gives a clear breakdown of all layers in the 5G Protocol Stack:
Physical Layer – Modulation, Massive MIMO, DSS
MAC Layer – Scheduling, HARQ, Traffic Prioritization
RLC Layer – Retransmissions, Segmentation, Low Latency
PDCP Layer – Security, Header Compression, Split Bearers
SDAP Layer – New in 5G NR, Maps Flows to Bearers
RRC Layer – Mobility, Paging, Connection Setup
NAS Layer – Authentication, Slicing, Emergency Services
Why this matters:
If you work in telecom, networking, or product management, this is your cheat sheet to mastering 5G faster.
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