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PON: passive optical network.
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It’s an optical devices and Cables connected together to Transport traffic.
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Any kind of traffic can be sent over PON like voice, video, VOIP, IPTV, streaming, private data…
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Passive means the devices between service provider and client will be passive, will not consume power.
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Passive devices like fiber cables, splitters, connectors, multiplexers, couplers, splices.
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Passive components is not electrically powered components, then the network will be operationally cost efficient.
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Only the devices on service provider side OLT and client side ONT are electrically powered.
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OLT: optical line terminal, the device provided the service to clients, located at service provider side / central office.
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ONT: optical network terminal, the device that translates the traffic located within client side.
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ODN: optical distribution network, it represent the components between OLT and ONT like splitter, coupler, fiber cables…
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Splitters cna split signals up to 1:128 Level, most common is 4, 16, 32.
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Most common wavelengths used 1310 nm, 1490 nm.
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In DWDM we usually use 1525 - 1565 nm C band.
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